Which of the following is NOT considered a foreign animal disease?

• A. Bluetongue
• B. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
• C. Akabane
• D. Peste des petits ruminants

Answer: (A)

Foreign animal disease status centers on whether the disease is present and established within the country. A foreign animal disease is one that does not exist in the United States (or is not established there) and would trigger strict import controls and rapid response if detected. Bluetongue virus has already become established in the United States, with ongoing transmission in domestic ruminants, so it is not considered a foreign animal disease. The other listed diseases are not established here and would be treated as foreign if they appeared, prompting containment and eradication measures.