____________ monitors trends in antimicrobial resistance among enteric bacteria from humans, retail meats, and animals

• A. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System
• B. National Animal Health Monitoring System
• C. Global Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Service
• D. Foodborne Pathogen Surveillance Network

Answer: (B)

This item tests knowledge of which surveillance program tracks antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacteria across humans, retail meats, and animals. The correct program is the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. It is a collaboration among CDC, FDA, and USDA that collects and analyzes antimicrobial susceptibility data from human clinical isolates, isolates from retail meats, and isolates from animals. This cross-sector approach specifically monitors trends in resistance and helps inform treatment guidelines and policy as resistance patterns shift.

The National Animal Health Monitoring System, while important for assessing overall animal health and production concerns, does not focus on antimicrobial resistance trends across humans, retail meats, and animals. The Global Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Service and the Foodborne Pathogen Surveillance Network serve different roles or are not the established US framework for this particular cross-source AMR surveillance.